What can nationalism do in terms of diversity within a nation according to the text?

Nationalism can have a complex relationship with diversity within a nation, characterized by its capacity to either facilitate cooperation among diverse groups or exacerbate existing conflicts. When nationalism emphasizes shared identity and unity, it can create a sense of belonging and solidarity that encourages cooperation across different cultural or ethnic groups. This can lead to increased social cohesion and a collective effort toward common goals.

On the other hand, nationalism can also become exclusionary, leading to tensions and conflicts if certain groups feel marginalized or if the dominant national narrative undermines their cultural identities. This duality highlights that nationalism does not operate uniformly; its impact on diversity depends on how it is articulated and enacted within specific sociopolitical contexts.

In contrast, the other options present overly absolute outcomes. Exclusively creating social divisions or always promoting homogeneity does not account for the nuanced effects nationalism can have, as it can lead to various degrees of engagement among different groups depending on the circumstances. Additionally, the idea that nationalism can completely eradicate cultural differences fails to recognize the resilience of cultural identities and practices in the face of national definitions. Nationalism can influence cultural landscapes but cannot eliminate the complexities and diversities that exist within a society.